" In Hungary... market already

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Rusiness Week (continued from page 12: “Where is the Soviet Union going today?”)

funding for housing, health care, education, transportation, and culture is being gradually reduced, with workers having to pay more and more for these basic services out of their own pockets. The shortage of housing is becoming particularly acute.

"With the policy of closing non-productive factories, unemployment has now officially appeared. Layoffs are now commonplace.

"And those who are reemployed else -where are often recycled into a new position or skill with a much lower wage. Certain ideologues have, in fact, explained that unemployment is not contradictory with socialism.

"The large majority of Hungarian workers are forced to work overtime-or, more common, to take a second job in what is called the 'second economy.' Moreover, in this 'liberal reform' and of the revolution of councils of 1956."

The new dissident movement A new dissident movement is also appearing today in the Soviet Union itself.

According to the Soviet-American Review, a magazine published in Chicago Soviet dissent is in the making. The new dissident agenda is much more radical than those of the last two decades. This generation of dissidents calls for unconditional abolition of the one-party state....They are again studying Marx, Lenin, and all other theoreticians of society and revolution.

"The new dissent, despite its infancy, is already a fairly potent force. We know of a number of cases where people close to Gorbachev have argued that unless reform occurs soon, he can expect further radicalization. Unlike previous dissidents, who were largely separated from ordinary people, the new dissidents are not isolated and are prepared to work closely with the workers."

This view is corroborated by a Soviet dissident, Youri Orlov, a Soviet physicist who was imprisoned in Siberia for many years for his intransigent opposition to the Soviet bureaucracy. He was released in October 1986 and now lives in the United States.

In an interview with Alexander Ginsberg published in the French-language dissident magazine, La Pensée Russe, Orlov states that the opposition movement in the exists."

workers' movement. He states:

"The next stage of the opposition movement will be among the workers, among the common people... While in the camps, I met people who had constituted a 'Communist Party of another type."

When asked about the attitudes of the workers and common people in the Soviet Union today, Orlov replied:

"The common people are ready to listen to people who criticize the economy, the policies of the Soviet leadership... But what they will not accept-what they condemn—is that people resort to the Western press to issue these criticisms.

"I am certain that no bourgeois-type party will have any popularity among the Soviet workers."

Ginsberg then asked: "On what political line can an authentic opposition movement develop inside the Soviet Union?"

Orlov's answer: "In the Soviet Union today, capitalism is impossible, in particular because the return to capitalism would be a national humiliation... I am convinced that what would be most suited to the Soviet Union would be socialist democracy, with all the freedoms."